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Description de la ressource

Résumé

The Fabaceae are the 3rd family of Angiosperms in number of species (18 000 species, 630 genders) after Orchids and Asteraceae, and the second most important economic family after Poaceae. It is a cosmopolitan family, well represented in France (> 340 species including >335 faboideae). Woody Fabaceae predominate in warm regions. Herbaceous forms are common in temperate regions. The roots frequently have nodules, easily visible, corresponding to a symbiosis with bacteria of the gender Rhizobium, which reduce the atmospheric nitrogen N2 found in the soil to NH3 ammonia and then form amino acids for the plant. Thus, the clover allows the fixation of 400 kg of atmospheric nitrogen per hectare and per year. The leaves are generally composed, meaning composed of leaflets. The compound leaves can be either pinnate or palmate. The alternating leaves are stipulated at the base. The stipules are sometimes transformed into small leaves or leaflets (cultivated peas) or can be thorny (black locust, Robinia pseudoacacia). Three sub-families can be distinguished from the flower characteristics, Faboideae, Caesalpinioideae and Mimosoideae. The fruit is generally a pod, dry fruit theoretically dehiscent by 2 slots. There are plants that provide seeds for human food. These seeds can be rich in lipid reserves (Peanut, Arachis hypogaea), protein reserves (Soya, Glycine max), mainly carbohydrate reserves (Bean, Phaseolus vulgaris; White lupin, Lupinus albus ; Chickpea, Cicer arietinum ; Peas, Pisum sativum; Lentil, Lens culinaris). The leaflets and pods of Sana makki are laxative and purgative. In some Fabaceae, the presence of compounds such as alkaloids and phytohemagglutinins makes them toxic. The film was shot at the Talence Botanical Garden, which is part of the University of Bordeaux.

"Domaine(s)" et indice(s) Dewey

• Fabales (caroube, centaurée bleue, fabacées, famille des pois, fustets de la famille des fabacées, glycines, hackélia de Virginie, haricots, indigo, kudzu , légumineuses, lentilles, lespédézas, luzerne, papilionacées, petit trèfle jaune, soja, soya , tamarin, trèfle d'Irlande, trèfles de la famille des fabacées, trèfles du Japon, vesces) (583.74)

Domaine(s)

Intervenants

Édition

• Université de Bordeaux

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  • Botanique